Age-Related Macular Degeneration (AMD) and Treatment Options
The incidence of age-related macular degeneration (AMD) is rising. Nearly two million people in Germany are affected—one in ten over the age of 70. Among those over 50, one in four already shows early changes in the macula, the “yellow spot” in the eye. Once AMD is fully developed, the chances of recovery are low. Prevention and measures to slow disease progression are therefore all the more important.
In the macula—a tiny, central area of the retina (the “yellow spot”)—visual acuity is highest. This point of sharpest vision enables central sight, the recognition of fine detail, and color perception. The rest of the retina perceives only outlines and light-dark contrast. When the central retina deteriorates, the center of the visual field appears blurred, distorted, or as a dark spot. Patients do not become completely blind, but they are often unable to read, watch TV, drive, or recognize faces.
Types: Dry Macular Degeneration and Wet Macular Degeneration
Dry macular degeneration accounts for about 85% of cases. In this form, central retinal cells die off slowly. There are currently no effective drugs or other treatment methods for dry AMD, though it can progress into the wet form.
Wet macular degeneration (about 15% of cases) involves abnormal blood vessels growing into the macula from the underlying choroid. These vessels become increasingly leaky, causing fluid and blood to collect in and beneath the macula, leading to blurred or distorted vision. As the disease progresses, expanding spots can block central vision. The first warning sign is often straight lines appearing suddenly bent or wavy. Wet AMD progresses more rapidly.
Treatment Options (Selection)
- Acupuncture
- Laser therapy
- Surgery (in selected cases)
- Photodynamic therapy for specific patient groups: a medication is injected, then laser treatment is used to selectively destroy abnormal macular blood vessels.
- For more information, visit the German Federation of the Blind and Partially Sighted (DBSV)
Risk Factors and Causes Include:
- Age over 70
- Female gender (women are more often affected)
- Family history, especially in parents/grandparents
- Poor diet (vitamin deficiencies)
- Light-colored iris
- UV light exposure
- Prolonged exposure to blue-tinted artificial light at work
- Smoking
- High blood pressure
Success of Acupuncture for AMD
An increasing number of ophthalmologists report good outcomes with acupuncture, especially for dry, but also for wet AMD—often in combination with herbal remedies or homeopathics. A cure is not to be expected. However, the progression—which can lead to total loss of central vision—may be stopped or at least significantly slowed. Some patients even report a clear, subjective and measurable improvement in visual acuity thanks to treatment. The exact mechanism is not yet fully understood, but targeted acupuncture can significantly improve blood flow to the retina and the macula.
The earlier treatment begins during the course of AMD, the better the results. Even in unilateral AMD, treating the affected eye can help prevent progression in the other. There are no universal acupuncture points; a thorough Traditional Chinese Medicine diagnosis must always precede therapy, identifying disturbances throughout the body so that treatment can be tailored to each individual.
At the start of treatment, ten basic sessions are necessary, usually performed on five consecutive days (morning and evening). After this intensive week, it becomes clear how the patient responds and how frequently the therapy should continue. Long-term, patients who respond may require refresher acupuncture every three to six months to maintain benefits—always individually determined.
Cost: Currently, most health insurers do not cover this therapy (exceptions are rare among some private insurers), citing lack of definitive evidence. Our center charges according to the standard fee schedule or by individual agreement.
Contact us for a free, no-obligation consultation. We look forward to welcoming you.